Kronik karaci\u011fer yetmezli\u011finin tek tedavisi karaci\u011fer naklidir. Hasta bir karaci\u011ferin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir karaci\u011ferle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. Siroz, d\u00fcnyada en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen karaci\u011fer nakli hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 grubudur. Bunu baz\u0131 do\u011fumsal hastal\u0131klar ve baz\u0131 karaci\u011fer t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri takip eder. Karaci\u011fer nakline ihtiya\u00e7 duyan hastalar i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli \u015fey, bunu nerede yapt\u0131racaklar\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’de son y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan teknolojik geli\u015fmelerle birlikte t\u0131bbi teknikler de \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Tam te\u015fekk\u00fcll\u00fc hastaneleri ile hem kamu hem de \u00f6zel alanda t\u00fcm hastalar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na cevap vermektedir. T\u00fcrkiye’de hijyenik ortamlara sahip hastanelerde uzman doktorlara g\u00f6n\u00fcl rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kendinizi emanet edebilirsiniz. \u015eimdi karaci\u011fer nakli ile ilgili di\u011fer merak edilen noktalara ge\u00e7elim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Organ nakli i\u00e7in organlara ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r ve organlar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 da insand\u0131r. Nakil i\u00e7in uygun organ, \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f ki\u015filerden veya hasta yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan canl\u0131 vericilerden temin edilebilir. Yo\u011fun bak\u0131mda (beyin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc) hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden ki\u015filerin yak\u0131nlar\u0131 organ ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131na karar verirse, o organlarla bir\u00e7ok hastan\u0131n hayat\u0131 kurtuluyor. Bu \u015fekilde ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan organlarla yap\u0131lan karaci\u011fer nakline \u201ckadavradan karaci\u011fer nakli\u201d denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Organ ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu yeni bir karaci\u011fer beklerken hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyor. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak ba\u015fka bir canl\u0131dan (hastan\u0131n bir yak\u0131n\u0131ndan) karaci\u011ferinden bir par\u00e7a al\u0131narak (canl\u0131 karaci\u011fer nakli) hastan\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu ama\u00e7la hastan\u0131n kan grubundan bir yak\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir operasyon i\u00e7in g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olur. Don\u00f6r aday\u0131 olan ki\u015fi yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde muayene ve de\u011ferlendirmelerden ge\u00e7mektedir. Karaci\u011fer verilmesine engel bir durum yoksa don\u00f6rden hastan\u0131n kilosuna uygun karaci\u011fer par\u00e7as\u0131 (sa\u011f veya sol) al\u0131narak hastan\u0131n karaci\u011feri ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Karaci\u011fer nakli i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle hasta ve don\u00f6r\u00fcn kan gruplar\u0131n\u0131n uygun olmas\u0131 gerekir. Ard\u0131ndan don\u00f6r aday\u0131n\u0131n incelemeleri ba\u015flar. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7; sosyal, psikolojik ve t\u0131bbi de\u011ferlendirmeleri i\u00e7erir. Hastan\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu karaci\u011fer miktar\u0131, don\u00f6r aday\u0131n\u0131n genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, karaci\u011ferin uygun \u015fekilde b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcp b\u00f6l\u00fcnmedi\u011fi, safra yollar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r hasta ve don\u00f6r aras\u0131nda ameliyat\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinde rol oynar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hem canl\u0131dan hem de kadavradan yap\u0131lan nakillerde v\u00fccut karaci\u011feri yabanc\u0131 bir madde olarak alg\u0131lar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemimiz bu s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f karaci\u011feri reddetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemimizi bask\u0131layan ila\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu kullanmam\u0131z gerekecek. D\u00fczenli kontroller s\u0131ras\u0131nda doktorlar\u0131 bu hastalar\u0131n alacaklar\u0131 ila\u00e7 dozlar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlarlar. Aksi belirtilmedik\u00e7e hi\u00e7bir ila\u00e7 kesilmemeli ve miktar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeden kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini bask\u0131layan bu ila\u00e7lar ki\u015fiyi enfeksiyonlara kar\u015f\u0131 biraz daha duyarl\u0131 hale getirebilir. Grip veya yeni ba\u015flayan ishal gibi hafif \u015fikayetler bile bu nedenle doktorunuza dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131z gerekecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Karaci\u011fer naklinin birincil amac\u0131, ki\u015fiyi g\u00fcnl\u00fck, aktif ve \u00fcretken bir hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmektir. Organ nakli hastalar\u0131 kendilerini yeniden do\u011fmu\u015f olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor ve yeni bir hayata ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bir\u00e7o\u011fu ameliyat g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc ‘Nakil Do\u011fum G\u00fcn\u00fc’ olarak kutlar. \u0130yile\u015fmenin haftalar s\u00fcren bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu anlamak zorunludur. Yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 ay s\u00fcren ilk hassas d\u00f6nemin sona ermesiyle, karaci\u011fer nakli hastalar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131 hastal\u0131k \u00f6ncesi ya\u015famlar\u0131na (i\u015f ya da okul) geri d\u00f6ner. Karaci\u011fer nakli sonras\u0131 gebelik ve do\u011fum m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hangi a\u015famada karaci\u011fer nakli gerekir?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Baz\u0131 kal\u0131tsal anomaliler, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 alkol ve uyu\u015fturucu kullan\u0131m\u0131, kansere veya hepatite neden olan vir\u00fcsler karaci\u011ferde geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan hasarlar ba\u015flatabilir. Bu durumda karaci\u011fer sertle\u015fip k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr, \u00fczerinde irili ufakl\u0131 \u015fi\u015flikler olu\u015fur ve siroz geli\u015fir. Karaci\u011fer sirozu; kanama, sar\u0131l\u0131k, kar\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131 birikmesi (asit), enfeksiyon, v\u00fccutta toksik at\u0131klar\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 ve koma gibi \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilen bir durumdur. Nihayetinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm karaci\u011fer nakli olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Canl\u0131 karaci\u011fer vericileri i\u00e7in ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 nedir?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck ve 55 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmak ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 don\u00f6r olmay\u0131 engelliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Don\u00f6r i\u00e7in ameliyat\u0131n riski nedir?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00fcnyada kabul edilen risk %1 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar ne zaman normal hayatlar\u0131na d\u00f6ner?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Sorunsuz seyreden vakalar yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde taburcu oluyor ve 1 ayda aktif hayatlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fcyorlar. \u00dc\u00e7 ay spor yapamazlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nakledilen karaci\u011fer kendini yeniler mi?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nakledilen karaci\u011fer don\u00f6rde oldu\u011fu gibi 6-8 hafta i\u00e7inde gerekli b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe ula\u015f\u0131r. Normal insanlarda karaci\u011fer v\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %2’si kadard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin 75 kg olan bir ki\u015fide karaci\u011fer 1500 gr a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ki\u015fide hepatit-B ve hepatit-C varsa yeni karaci\u011ferde tekrarlar m\u0131?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hepatit B\u2019nin %95’i n\u00fcks etmez, ancak hepatit C n\u00fcks eder. Ancak karaci\u011ferde \u00e7ok uzun bir s\u00fcre sonra sorun tekrar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir<\/p>\n\n\n\n Karaci\u011fer nakledilen ki\u015fi nelerden korunmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Genel olarak \u00e7ok kalabal\u0131k ortamlardan ve hava kirlili\u011finden ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Sigara i\u00e7ilen ortamlardan ve grip enfeksiyonu olan ki\u015filerden uzak durmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. El s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmak ve yanaktan \u00f6pmek \u00f6nerilmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Karaci\u011fer nakillerinin ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 nedir?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Zaman\u0131nda yap\u0131lan karaci\u011fer nakillerinde ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 %80’in \u00fczerindedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kronik karaci\u011fer yetmezli\u011finin tek tedavisi karaci\u011fer naklidir. Hasta bir karaci\u011ferin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir karaci\u011ferle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. Siroz, d\u00fcnyada en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen karaci\u011fer nakli hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 grubudur. Bunu baz\u0131 do\u011fumsal hastal\u0131klar ve baz\u0131 karaci\u011fer t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri takip eder. Karaci\u011fer nakline ihtiya\u00e7 duyan hastalar i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli \u015fey, bunu nerede yapt\u0131racaklar\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’de son y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan teknolojik geli\u015fmelerle birlikte t\u0131bbi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18968,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19271"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19271\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18968"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihealthturkey.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}